Machine
Design:
Generally machine is a combination of various elements arranged to
work together to serve specific purpose. Machine design includes designing the
elements and arranging the elements optimally to serve the need. The subject
Machine Design is the creation of new and better machines and improving the
existing ones. A new or better machine is one which is more economical in the
overall cost of production and operation. From the study of existing ideas, a
new idea has to be conceived. The idea is then studied keeping in mind its
commercial success and given shape and form in the form of drawings. In the
preparation of these drawings, care must be taken of the availability of
resources in money, in men and in materials required for the successful
completion of the new idea into an actual reality. In designing a machine
component, it is necessary to have a good knowledge of many subjects such as
Mathematics, Engineering Mechanics, Strength of Materials, Theory of Machines,
Workshop Processes and Engineering Drawing.
*) classify various types of machine design?
A)
ü Adaptive
Design
ü Development Design
ü New Design
ADAPTIVE
DESIGN:
In most cases, the designer’s work is concerned with adaptation of
existing designs. This type of design needs no special knowledge or skill and
can be attempted by designers or ordinary technical training. The designer only
makes minor alternation or modification in the existing designs of the product
DEVELOPMENT
DESIGN:
This type of design needs considerable scientific training and
design ability in order to modify the existing designs into a new idea by
adapting a new material or different method of manufacture.
NEW DESIGN: The type
of design needs lot of research, technical ability and creative thinking. Here,
whatever be the product which has been designed in the first time is coming
under new design. Design of Machine Elements
*) What are
the methods used in the machine design?
A)
(1) Empirical design: This type of design depends upon empirical
formulae based on the existing practice and past experience.
(2) Rational design: This type of design depends upon mathematical
formulae of principle of mechanic.
(3) Industrial design: This type of design depends upon the
production aspects to manufacture any machine component in the industry.
(4) Optimum design: It is the best design for the given objective
function under the specified constraints. It may be achieved by minimizing the
undesirable effects.
(5) Element design: It is the design of any element of the
mechanical system like a piston, crank shaft, connecting rod etc..
(6) System design: It is the design of any complex mechanical
system like a motor car.
(7) Computer aided design: This type of design depends upon the
use of computer systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis and
optimization of a design.
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